Factor | Bywater_2005_JoofAnCh (10371)

10.1093/jac/dki273

Growth Promoter Ban (Spain)

Swine | Not Specified

7

Description

Avilamycin, bacitracin, flavophospholipol/bambermycin, spiramycin, tylosin, virginiamycin were available in Spain as growth promoters during year 1 (pre-ban), while only avilamycin and flavophospholipol were authorized for such use in year 2 (post-ban).

Resistance Outcomes

Resistance Microbe Outcome
Avilamycin
/
Enterococcus faecium
See: Table 4 AMR+ (%) AMR- (%) Total (n)
Pre-Ban (Year 1) 0.00 85
Post-Ban (Year 2) 0.00 168
Avoparcin
/
Enterococcus faecium
See: Table 4 AMR+ (%) AMR- (%) Total (n)
Pre-Ban (Year 1) 0.00 85
Post-Ban (Year 2) 0.00 168
Bacitracin
/
Enterococcus faecium
See: Table 4 AMR+ (%) AMR- (%) Total (n)
Pre-Ban (Year 1) 96.00 85
Post-Ban (Year 2) 85.00 168
Bambermycin
/
Enterococcus faecium
See: Table 4 AMR+ (%) AMR- (%) Total (n)
Pre-Ban (Year 1) 99.00 85
Post-Ban (Year 2) 99.00 168
Spiramycin
/
Enterococcus faecium
See: Table 4 AMR+ (%) AMR- (%) Total (n)
Pre-Ban (Year 1) 89.00 85
Post-Ban (Year 2) 100.00 168
Tylosin
/
Enterococcus faecium
See: Table 4 AMR+ (%) AMR- (%) Total (n)
Pre-Ban (Year 1) 89.00 85
Post-Ban (Year 2) 100.00 168
Virginiamycin
/
Enterococcus faecium
See: Table 4 AMR+ (%) AMR- (%) Total (n)
Pre-Ban (Year 1) 21.00 85
Post-Ban (Year 2) 14.00 168