Factor | Bywater_2005_JoofAnCh (10371)

10.1093/jac/dki273

Growth Promoter Ban (France)

Chicken | None

5

Description

Avilamycin, bacitracin, flavophospholipol/bambermycin, spiramycin, tylosin, virginiamycin were available in France as growth promoters during year 1 (pre-ban), while only avilamycin and flavophospholipol were authorized for such use in year 2 (post-ban).

Resistance Outcomes

Resistance Microbe Outcome
Avoparcin
/
Enterococcus None
See: Table 4 AMR+ (%) AMR- (%) Total (n)
Pre-Ban (Year 1) 8.00 312
Post-Ban (Year 2) 7.00 268
Bambermycin
/
Enterococcus None
See: Table 4 AMR+ (%) AMR- (%) Total (n)
Pre-Ban (Year 1) 95.00 312
Post-Ban (Year 2) 89.00 268
Spiramycin
/
Enterococcus None
See: Table 4 AMR+ (%) AMR- (%) Total (n)
Pre-Ban (Year 1) 59.00 312
Post-Ban (Year 2) 42.00 268
Tylosin
/
Enterococcus None
See: Table 4 AMR+ (%) AMR- (%) Total (n)
Pre-Ban (Year 1) 59.00 312
Post-Ban (Year 2) 42.00 268
Virginiamycin
/
Enterococcus None
See: Table 4 AMR+ (%) AMR- (%) Total (n)
Pre-Ban (Year 1) 32.00 312
Post-Ban (Year 2) 12.00 268