Bednorz, Carmen and Oelgeschlger, Kathrin and Kinnemann, Bianca and Hartmann, Susanne and Neumann, Konrad and Pieper, Robert and Bethe, Astrid and Semmler, Torsten and Tedin, Karsten and Schierack, Peter and Wieler, Lothar H. and Guenther, Sebastian (Germany)
International Journal of Medical Microbiology (2013)
A total of 126 purebred landrace piglets were weaned at 26 ± 1 days of age with a mean body weight of 7.6 ± 1.1 kg and randomly allocated into two treatment groups balancing for gender, litter and body weight. Animals were housed in pens (n = 2 per pen) with straw bedding and ad libitum access to feed and water. No antibiotics were administered to the piglets before and during the experiment. During the four week experimental period, piglets received a commercial starter diet based on wheat, barley and soybean meal which was formulated to meet the requirements according to NRC recommendations (2008). All diets were prepared in the feed mill of the Institute of Animal Nutrition, Berlin, Germany. The dietary zinc level was adjusted to approximately 50 or 2500 mg/kg by supplementation of corn starch with analytical grade zinc oxide (Sigma Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany). The dietary zinc levels (i.e. 57 mg/kg and 2425 mg/kg, respectively) were confirmed by atomic absorption spectrometry analysis.
A total of 36 piglets (n = 6 per group and each time point) were euthanized on 32 ± 2, 39 ± 2, and 53 ± 2 d of age, treatment groups were balanced for litter and gender. Following euthanasia and a midline abdominal incision, the entire intestinal tract was removed from the peritoneum and intestinal contents were collected from the ileum and ascending colon. Digesta (0.2 g in 6 ml PBS) were plated by serial dilutions.
AST Method: Multiple Methods
Reference explicitly reports AST breakpoints: True
Reference reports using a MIC table: False
Is Excluded: False
| Country | Sub-Region | Sub-Region Detail |
|---|---|---|
| Germany | Berlin (Land) | None |
| ID | Note | Resolution |
|---|
| Title | Host | Host | Production Stage | Description | ROs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zinc Use | Swine | Weaners | Farm | Feed was supplemented with zinc at 50 mg/kg (referent), and 2500 mg/kg (exposed). The zinc level was adjusted by supplementation of corn starch with analytical grade zinc oxide. E. coli was isolated from ileum and colon digesta post-euthanasia. | 4 |
| Zinc Use | Swine | Weaners | Farm | Feed was supplemented with zinc at 50 mg/kg (referent), and 2500 mg/kg (exposed). The zinc level was adjusted by supplementing corn starch with analytical grade zinc oxide. E. coli isolated from ileum/colon digesta. Recorded as sulfonamide/trimethoprim. | 1 |