Edrington, T. S. and Bischoff, K. M. and Loneragan, G. H. and Nisbet, D. J. (United States of America)
Journal of Animal Science (2014)
Twenty-four crossbred Angus steers (average BW = 190 kg) were randomly assigned to pens and fed distiller grains produced using different fermentations using no antimicrobial or dosed with 2 (a dosage recommended by the manufacturer to prevent and suppress bacterial contamination) or 20 mg/kg virginiamycin (VM) product (a dosage exceeding the manufacturer’s maximal recommended dosage of 6 mg/kg). Analysis indicated that DG produced from the 0, 2, and 20 mg/kg dosed ethanol fermentations contained 0, 0.7, and 8.9 mg/kg VM/g DG, respectively. Four diets (treatments) were evaluated: 3 using 8% of each of the different DG batches (0 [negative control], 0.7, and 8.9 mg/kg VM) and a fourth using 8% of the control DG + 0.06 mg/kg V-Max50 (VM; positive control; Phibro Animal Health, Ridgefield Park, NJ). Experimental diets were initiated immediately following the 28-d adaptation period (d 1) and continued throughout the 49-d experimental period. Effects on antimicrobial susceptibility, and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes in commensal bacteria was examined.
Fecal samples were collected on day 0, before initiation of experimental diets, and weekly thereafter throughout the 7 week period and cultured for generic E. coli and Enterococcus species. PCR used to determine presence of resistance genes.
AST Method: None
Reference explicitly reports AST breakpoints: False
Reference reports using a MIC table: False
Is Excluded: False
| Country | Sub-Region | Sub-Region Detail |
|---|---|---|
| United States of America | Texas (State) | USDA-ARS Food and Feed Safety Research Laboratory in College Station |
| ID | Note | Resolution |
|---|
| Title | Host | Host | Production Stage | Description | ROs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Distiller Grains + Virginiamycin (0.7 mg/kg) | Cattle | Beef Steers | Farm | Diet consisting of 8% distiller grains + 0.7 mg/kg virginiamycin, vs diet consisting of 8% distiller grains + no virginiamycin. Experimental diets were fed for 49 days total (separate from the prior 28-day adaptation period), and sampling represents an ag | 7 |
| Distiller's grain containing virginiamycin | Cattle | Beef Steers | Feedlot | Day 49 Prevalence (%) of ermB detected in Enterococcus isolates cultured from cattle feddiets containing dried distiller’s grains containing 0 (Neg-Control) and 0.7 mg/kg virginiamycin | 1 |
| Distiller's grain containing virginiamycin | Cattle | Beef Steers | Feedlot | Day 49 Prevalence (%) of ermB detected in Enterococcus isolates cultured from cattle fed diets containing dried distiller’s grains containing 0 (Neg-Control) and 8% of the control DG + 0.06 mg/kg V-Max50 (VM; positive control virginiamycin) | 1 |
| Distiller's grain containing virginiamycin | Cattle | Beef Steers | Feedlot | Day 49 Prevalence (%) of msrC detected in Enterococcus isolates cultured from cattle feddiets containing dried distiller’s grains containing 0 (Neg-Control) and 0.7 mg/kg virginiamycin | 1 |
| Distiller Grains + Virginiamycin (0.06 mg/kg as V-Max50) | Cattle | Beef Steers | Farm | Diet consisting of 8% distiller grains + 0.06 mg/kg virginiamycin as V-Max50, vs diet consisting of 8% distiller grains + no virginiamycin. Experimental diets were fed for 49 days total (separate from the prior 28-day adaptation period), and sampling repr | 7 |
| Distiller's grain containing virginiamycin | Cattle | Beef Steers | Feedlot | Day 49 Prevalence (%) of vatE detected in Enterococcus isolates cultured from cattle feddiets containing dried distiller’s grains containing 0 (Neg-Control) and 0.7 mg/kg virginiamycin | 1 |
| Distiller's grain containing virginiamycin | Cattle | Beef Steers | Feedlot | Day 49 Prevalence (%) of msrC detected in Enterococcus isolates cultured from cattle feddiets containing dried distiller’s grains containing 0 (Neg-Control) and 8% of the control DG + 0.06 mg/kg V-Max50 (VM; positive control virginiamycin) | 1 |
| Distiller's grain containing virginiamycin | Cattle | Beef Steers | Feedlot | Day 49 Prevalence (%) of ermB detected in Enterococcus isolates cultured from cattle feddiets containing dried distiller’s grains containing 0 (Neg-Control) and 8.9 mg/kg VM virginiamycin | 1 |
| Distiller's grain containing virginiamycin | Cattle | Beef Steers | Feedlot | Day 49 Prevalence (%) of vatE detected in Enterococcus isolates cultured from cattle feddiets containing dried distiller’s grains containing 0 (Neg-Control) and 8% of the control DG + 0.06 mg/kg V-Max50 (VM; positive control virginiamycin) | 1 |
| Distiller's grain containing virginiamycin | Cattle | Beef Steers | Feedlot | Day 49 Prevalence (%) of vatE detected in Enterococcus isolates cultured from cattle fed diets containing dried distiller’s grains containing 0 (Neg-Control) and 8.9 mg/kg virginiamycin | 1 |
| Distiller Grains + Virginiamycin (8.9 mg/kg) | Cattle | Beef Steers | Farm | Diet consisting of 8% distiller grains + 8.9 mg/kg virginiamycin, vs diet consisting of 8% distiller grains + no virginiamycin. Experimental diets were fed for 49 days total (separate from the prior 28-day adaptation period), and sampling represents an ag | 7 |
| Distiller's grain containing virginiamycin | Cattle | Beef Steers | Feedlot | Day 49 Prevalence (%) of msrC detected in Enterococcus isolates cultured from cattle feddiets containing dried distiller’s grains containing 0 (Neg-Control) and 8.9 mg/kg VM virginiamycin | 1 |