Reference | Dorado.Garca_2016_JoofAnCh (10284)

Objectives: To quantify associations between antimicrobial use and acquired resistance in indicator Escherichia coli over a period of time which involved sector-wide antimicrobial use reductions in broilers and pigs (years 2004–14), veal calves (2007–14) and dairy cattle (2005–14). Years in which both antimicrobial use and resistance data were available were matched. Use per antimicrobial class was matched with susceptibility tests for corresponding antimicrobials. Positive dose–response relationships (ORs) were obtained from all models.

Annual defined daily dosages per animal per year (DDDA/Y) reported by the Netherlands Veterinary Medicines Authority were used for total use and specific antimicrobial classes until 2014 per animal sector. Results for resistance in E. coli were communicated annually in the Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiotic Use in Animals in the Netherlands (MARAN) reports.

AST Method: Unclear

Reference explicitly reports AST breakpoints: False

Reference reports using a MIC table: False