Reference | Foutz2018 (10187) (Excluded)

The objective of this prospective cohort study was to describe the relationship between exposure to antimicrobials, through both the milk diet and systemic therapy, and to describe antimicrobial resistance of fecal Escherichia coli in dairy calves pre- and postweaning. A convenience sample of 15 Minnesota dairy farms was chosen, representing 3 equal cohorts of milk diet fed to preweaned calves: medicated milk replacer (MMR), nonmedicated milk replacer (NMR), or pasteurized nonsaleable milk (PNM). A convenience sample of 15 commercial Holstein dairy farms in Minnesota were recruited for this cohort study, being purposefully selected based on their willingness to participate with study activities, and to achieve 5 herds representing each of the following 3 milk diet cohorts: (1) pasteurized nonsaleable milk (PNM, n = 5 herds), (2) medicated milk replacer (MMR, n = 5 herds), and (3) nonmedicated milk replacer (NMR, n = 5 herds; control group).

fecal samples (10 g) were collected directly from the rectum

AST Method: None

Reference explicitly reports AST breakpoints: True

Reference reports using a MIC table: False