Reference | Dohmen2017 (10158)

36multiplierpigfarms(sowsandpigletspresent),withorwithoutfinishingpigs,completedthestudy.Productiontypeswereclassifiedinfarrowingandfarrow-to-finishfarms.Farrowingfarmsdidnotproducefattenersandtheydeliveredpigletstofinishingfarms(withtheexceptionofonefarmdeliver-inggiltsforfarrowing).Farrow-to-finishingfarmsintegratedfarrowingandfinishingpigpro-ductionanddeliveredfatteningpigstotheabattoir.Additionally,a farmwasdefinedasopenwhenreceivingexternalsupplyofgiltsforatleastoncea yearfromatleastonesupplier,andasclosedwhentherewasnoexternalsupplyofgilts. FarmsandveterinarianswerevisitedatthestartofthestudybytheresearcherbetweenMarch2011andSeptember2011. Atthefirstsamplingmoment(baselinemeasurements),a questionnairewascompletedduringa walkthroughsurveybythefarmveterinariantoidentifywhichmanage-mentaspectscouldbeimprovedtoreduceantimicrobialresistantbacteria.Thequestionnaire(S1Table)containeditemsonfarmcharacteristics,biosecurity,animalmanagementandhygienepracticesandcanalsobefoundelsewhere[16].A tailor-madeinterventionprotocolwasdevelopedbytheveterinarianandthefarmer.Interventionswerefocusedonimprovingpersonnelandfarmhygiene,changinganimalcontactstructures,andreducingAMU(inabackgroundofdecreasingAMUnationwideduetogovernmentdemands).Ateachsamplingmomentthefarmquestionnairewasfilledoutagaintomonitorchangesinfarmpractices.

Atfoursamplingmomentsovera periodof18months(6-monthintervals),rectalsamplesfrom60pigswerecollectedbythefarmveterinarian,usingsterilecotton-woolswabs(Cultiplast1) andsentrefrigeratedtothelaboratorybycourier.Allanimalagegroupspresentweresampled:sows,gilts,sucklingpiglets,weaningpigletsandfin-ishingpigs.Rectalswabswerecombinedin10pools(2peragecategory)of6 pigs.

AST Method: None

Reference explicitly reports AST breakpoints: False

Reference reports using a MIC table: False